Fluid overload is a common problem in dialysis patients. It happens when too much fluid builds up in the body. This can lead to swelling, breathing difficulties, high blood pressure, and heart problems. The kidneys help maintain the right balance of fluids in the body. However, when kidney function is lost, dialysis takes over this role.
If dialysis does not remove enough fluid, or if too much fluid is consumed between treatments, it can cause water retention in dialysis patients. Read this blog until the very end to learn about the causes, symptoms, and risks of fluid overload in dialysis patients.
What is Fluid Overload?
Fluid overload, also called hypervolemia, occurs when the body holds too much fluid. This extra fluid can affect various organs, leading to complications like swelling, shortness of breath, and high blood pressure.
What is the Role of Kidneys in Fluid Regulation?
Healthy kidneys remove extra fluid from the body through urine. They help maintain a balance of fluids, electrolytes, and waste. When the kidneys fail, they can no longer remove excess fluid. This is where dialysis helps. However, dialysis does not always remove enough fluid, leading to water retention in dialysis patients.
Why Does Fluid Overload Occur in Dialysis Patients?
Fluid overload occurs in dialysis patients because their kidneys can no longer function properly to remove excess fluids from the body. Healthy kidneys regulate fluid balance by filtering out extra water through urine. However, in kidney failure, this function is lost, and dialysis takes over the role of fluid removal.
Dialysis removes excess fluid from the bloodstream, but it may not always remove enough, especially if fluid intake between sessions is too high. This can lead to interdialytic weight gain, which means fluid accumulates between dialysis treatments, causing water retention.
Patients who do not strictly follow fluid restrictions or have inadequate dialysis treatments are at a higher risk of developing fluid overload.
How much fluid should a dialysis patient drink per day?
Most dialysis patients are advised to limit their fluid intake to 32 ounces (1 litre) per day. However, the exact amount may vary based on health conditions, dialysis type, urine output, and overall fluid retention.
Some patients with residual kidney function may be allowed slightly more fluid, while others with severe fluid overload may need stricter restrictions. It is important to follow the guidance of a nephrologist to ensure proper fluid balance.
What happens if I drink too much water on dialysis?
Drinking excessive water between dialysis treatments can cause fluid overload. It causes several dialysis complications:
- Swelling (edema) – Fluid builds up in the legs, feet, hands, and face.
- Shortness of breath – Excess fluid can enter the lungs, making breathing difficult.
- High blood pressure – More fluid in the bloodstream increases blood pressure, stressing the heart.
- Heart strain and heart failure – Over time, extra fluid makes the heart work harder, increasing the risk of heart disease.
- More difficult dialysis sessions – If too much fluid accumulates, dialysis must remove large amounts quickly, which can cause cramps, dizziness, and low blood pressure.
Can I use diuretics to reduce fluid overload?
Diuretics (water pills) help remove excess fluid, but they are not effective for all dialysis patients. They may work for patients with some remaining kidney function, but in those with complete kidney failure, diuretics are ineffective because the kidneys no longer produce urine. Always consult a nephrology hospital in Delhi before taking diuretics to manage fluid overload.
How do I manage thirst if I have fluid restrictions?
Thirst can be difficult to control, but these tips can help:
- Suck on ice chips or sugar-free candies to keep the mouth moist.
- Eat frozen grapes or cold fruits to help satisfy thirst.
- Rinse your mouth with water but do not swallow to reduce dryness.
- Avoid salty foods, as they increase thirst.
How does fluid overload affect the heart?
Fluid overload puts extra strain on the heart, making it work harder. Over time, this can cause:
- High blood pressure (hypertension), which increases the risk of heart disease.
- Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH), where the heart muscles thicken due to excess workload.
- Heart failure, as the heart becomes too weak to pump effectively.
- Increased risk of stroke, as high blood pressure can damage blood vessels in the brain.
Where can I find dialysis 24×7 in Delhi?
If you experience severe fluid overload or emergency dialysis requirement, UK Nursing Home in Vikaspuri offer dialysis 24×7 services in Delhi. It is important to locate a trusted nephrologist or dialysis centre in Delhi in advance in case of emergencies. Timely treatment can prevent serious dialysis complications such as heart failure or respiratory distress.
Can dialysis completely remove all extra fluid?
Dialysis helps remove excess fluid, but it cannot eliminate all of it if fluid intake is too high between sessions. Rapid removal of large amounts of fluid during dialysis can cause:
- Low blood pressure (hypotension)
- Muscle cramps
- Dizziness and fatigue
To avoid these issues, patients must limit fluid intake, follow a low-sodium diet, and work with their nephrologist to adjust dialysis sessions for better fluid control.
Managing fluid intake, following a low-sodium diet, and optimising dialysis treatments are key to preventing dialysis complications. Patients should monitor their symptoms and consult their nephrologist in Delhi for the best treatment options. If fluid overload becomes severe, seeking immediate care at a dialysis 24×7 in Delhi facility is important. Taking an active role in fluid management can improve the health and quality of life of dialysis patients.
Consult with kidney specialists in Vikaspuri at UK Nursing Home!
